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Krishna paksha · Adhika · amanta reckoning

When is Parama Ekadashi 2029?

Parama Ekadashi 2029

In 896 days

Mon, 9 Apr

Parama Ekadashi 2029 is on Monday, 9 April. Parana, breaking the fast, is on 10 April, 6:00 AM to 8:33 AM in New Delhi.

Parana (breaking the fast), 10 Apr 2029

6:00 AM – 8:33 AM

New Delhi

Also called Parma Ekadashi. Those are the same observance and the same date, so they share this page rather than competing with it from a second URL.

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Computed for New Delhi

The date in New Delhi

Monday, 9 April 2029

Parama Ekadashi 2029 timings in New Delhi
TimingNew DelhiWhat it is
Parana (breaking the fast), 10 Apr 20296:00 AM to 8:33 AMThe window is the first fifth of the daylight (pratahkala).

Parama Ekadashi is not a Gregorian date. It is Krishna paksha tithi 11 of Adhika in the amanta reckoning, and the Gregorian day it lands on moves by up to a month between years because twelve lunations fall about eleven days short of a solar year.

Tithi
Ekadashi, Krishna paksha
Lunar month
Adhika Chaitra (amanta)
Tithi begins
8 Apr, 3:46 PM
Tithi ends
9 Apr, 5:40 PM
Decided at
Sunrise
Sunrise in New Delhi
9 Apr, 6:02 AM

Sunrise in New Delhi falls at 6:02 AM on that day, and that is the instant the tithi has to be running at for the day to carry the observance. It is computed for this city rather than assumed, because it is what decides the date.

The two instants above are the astronomy and are not in dispute. The day is an interpretation of them: this observance is decided at sunrise, so it belongs to the day whose sunrise the tithi carries — not simply to the day the tithi begins.

Krishna paksha · Adhika Chaitra

Parama Ekadashi 2029: Smarta and Vaishnava dates

Parama Ekadashi comes only in a year that has an adhika (extra) month — Purushottam maas — roughly one year in three. The table below lists those years.

Listed here (Smarta, the sunrise rule)
Monday, 9 April 2029 — The fast belongs to the day whose sunrise carries Ekadashi — the day AstroSage lists and the one this page leads with.
Vaishnava (ISKCON), the arunodaya rule
Monday, 9 April 2029 — The same day this year. The Vaishnava rule reads the tithi at arunodaya, the 96 minutes before sunrise, rather than at sunrise; the arunodaya of Monday, 9 April 2029 (9 Apr, 4:26 AM) is already inside Ekadashi, not Dashami.

Every day above is computed for New Delhi from the same tithi instants. ISKCON temples publish their own calendar for each city and also apply the Mahadvadashi rules, which can move a fast to Dwadashi in some years — where your temple's calendar differs, follow it.

Meaning and vrat katha

Parama Ekadashi vrat katha and significance

Parama Ekadashi is the Krishna Ekadashi of an adhika month, the Purushottam maas that comes roughly one year in three, and the companion of Padmini, the Ekadashi a fortnight before it. Parama means "supreme". Some keep it as a five-day vrat, the Panchratri, from this Ekadashi to Amavasya; others keep the single day. Gifts of food, cloth and a lamp are customary, in keeping with its katha.

The katha

Retold in brief from the Skanda Purana, in the Ekadashi-mahatmya told by Krishna to Yudhishthira.

In the city of Kampilya lived a brahmin named Sumedha and his wife Pavitra. They were deeply devout and very poor; often there was nothing in the house, and yet whenever a guest came to the door Pavitra fed him and went hungry herself.

At last Sumedha resolved to leave and earn a living in another land. Pavitra begged him to stay, saying that what is meant to come will come where one is, and he agreed to remain.

Soon afterwards the sage Kaundinya came to their door. They received him with everything they had, and when he saw their poverty and their goodness he told them of the Ekadashi of the dark fortnight of the adhika month — Parama — and of the five-day vrat that may be kept with it, from Ekadashi to Amavasya. Kubera himself, he said, had kept it.

The couple kept the vrat together with great care. The Purana says that on its completion a prince of the kingdom came to them with gifts, gave them a house and land, and that they never lacked again and gave freely for the rest of their lives. Krishna tells Yudhishthira that the day is called Parama because nothing surpasses it in the adhika month.

How the fast is kept

  • The fast runs from sunrise on the Ekadashi day to parana on Dwadashi. Many families eat a single plain meal on Dashami, the evening before.
  • Grains and rice are left out on Ekadashi. Those who cannot keep a complete fast take fruit, milk or a phalahar meal; a waterless fast is kept only by those whose tradition and health allow it.
  • Vishnu is worshipped with tulsi leaves, a lamp and his names; reading or hearing the day's katha is part of the observance, and many stay awake for a part of the night in kirtan or japa.
  • Parana is on Dwadashi, after Hari Vasara — the first quarter of Dwadashi — has passed. The window for your city is computed above.

Fasting customs are described here as tradition, not as medical advice. Consult a doctor before fasting, particularly if you are pregnant, diabetic, elderly or on medication.

All 26 · New Delhi

Every Ekadashi and its next date

Twenty-four in an ordinary year, two more in a year with an adhika month. Each has its own page with its katha, parana and Smarta and Vaishnava dates.

The next Ekadashi and its parana

All Parama Ekadashi 2029 muhurat · New Delhi

Parama Ekadashi muhurat

Parama Ekadashi, the dark-half Ekadashi of the adhika month, comes only in a year that has a Purushottam maas, about a fortnight after Padmini. In New Delhi it falls on Monday, 9 April 2029, and the fast runs from sunrise to parana on Dwadashi, 10 Apr, 6:00 AM to 8:33 AM; some extend it into the five-day Panchratri vrat to Amavasya. Parama means supreme, and its katha is of a poor, generous couple of Kampilya who were taught this fast by a sage at their door.

All Parama Ekadashi 2029 muhurat in New Delhi
MuhuratTime in New DelhiWhat it is for
Parana: the time to break the fast10 Apr, 6:00 AM to 8:33 AMThe morning of Dwadashi (the first fifth of the day), Hari Vasara having ended overnight.

The window on Dwadashi, the morning after the fast, in which Parama Ekadashi is completed. It opens once Hari Vasara is over and normally closes with the first part of the morning; when Hari Vasara runs late it moves past midday, and it never runs beyond the end of Dwadashi. The time shown is computed for New Delhi.

Hari Vasara ends10 Apr, 12:13 AMThe end of the first quarter of Dwadashi; the fast is never broken inside it.

Hari Vasara is the first quarter of Dwadashi. The fast is not broken inside it, even when it is already morning, so its end in New Delhi is the earliest moment parana can begin.

Brahma Muhurta4:31 AM to 5:16 AMThe 14th of the night's fifteen muhurtas, ending one muhurta before sunrise.

The hour before dawn on the Ekadashi day, the traditional time to wake, bathe and take the sankalp of the fast.

Sunrise6:02 AMThe upper edge of the Sun on the horizon, with refraction.

The fast is counted from sunrise on Ekadashi to parana on Dwadashi, and the morning puja begins after it.

Auspicious choghadiya (day)
  • Amrit 6:02 AM to 7:37 AM
  • Shubh 9:12 AM to 10:47 AM
  • Chal 1:58 PM to 3:33 PM
  • Labh 3:33 PM to 5:08 PM
  • Amrit 5:08 PM to 6:43 PM
The day's Amrit, Shubh, Labh and Chal choghadiyas.

The day's Amrit, Shubh, Labh and Chal periods. Families who cannot worship at dawn choose one of them for the main puja.

Pradosh Kaal: the evening lamp6:43 PM to 8:59 PMFrom sunset for three night muhurtas (a fifth of the night).

The evening after sunset, when lamps are lit before Vishnu and beside the tulsi and the aarti is sung again. On Parama a lamp is also one of the customary gifts of Dwadashi, with food and cloth.

Nishita Kaal: the night vigil11:59 PM to 12:44 AM (10 Apr)The 8th of the night's fifteen muhurtas, around the middle of the night.

The middle of the night, the heart of the jagran. Those who keep the night awake give this part of it to kirtan and japa.

Rahu Kaal (to avoid)Kept clear of7:37 AM to 9:12 AMRahu's eighth of the daylight, fixed by the weekday: a puja, a purchase or a journey is not begun in it.

The weekday's Rahu Kaal on the Ekadashi day in New Delhi. Many families avoid beginning the sankalp or the main puja inside it; it does not change the fast itself or the parana window.

Auspicious windows that day

Auspicious windows that day
WindowTime in New DelhiWhat it is
Abhijit Muhurat11:57 AM to 12:48 PMAuspicious
Brahma Muhurat4:31 AM to 5:16 AMAuspicious

Windows usually worked around

These are the spans classical muhurta sets aside for beginnings. They are descriptions of a convention, not warnings: the observance is kept on its day regardless, and nothing here needs to be bought, corrected or remedied.

Windows usually worked around
WindowTime in New Delhi
Rahu Kaal7:37 AM to 9:12 AM
Yamaganda Kaal10:47 AM to 12:22 PM
Durmuhurta First12:48 PM to 1:39 PM
Durmuhurta Second3:20 PM to 4:11 PM
Varjyam11:42 PM to 1:29 AM

Every time above is computed for New Delhi around Monday, 9 April 2029, from the sunrise, sunset and the positions of the Sun and Moon for this city. The Vedic day runs sunrise to sunrise, so a window whose clock time falls after midnight still belongs to the evening before; a time on another date carries that date.

Puja vidhi · step by step at home

Parama Ekadashi puja vidhi

  1. The day before: Dashami

    Eat a single simple meal on Dashami, before sunset, without onion, garlic or rice, and keep the evening light and quiet. Clean the puja corner and pick the tulsi leaves you will need, since tulsi is not plucked on Ekadashi itself.

  2. Wake early and bathe

    Rise early on Ekadashi, in Brahma Muhurta if you can, bathe (a few drops of Ganga jal in the water if you have it) and put on clean clothes; yellow is the colour traditionally worn for Vishnu.

  3. Take the sankalp

    Sit before the altar, hold a little water and a flower in your right hand and resolve to keep the vrat: say your name, that you are keeping Parama Ekadashi for Vishnu, and how you will fast, whether without water, on water alone, on fruit or with one phalahar meal. Then let the water fall. The Ekadashi sankalpa verse in the mantra section can be said here.

  4. One day, or the Panchratri

    In the sankalp, say whether you keep Parama alone or the five-day Panchratri vrat from this Ekadashi to Amavasya that the sage Kaundinya taught in its katha. How the five days are kept and closed varies, so follow your family's or guru's rule.

  5. Set up the altar

    Spread a yellow cloth on a clean chowki and place an image of Vishnu or Krishna on it (a Shaligram or Laddu Gopal if the house keeps one), with a ghee lamp and a small kalash or lota of water. Remember Ganesh first, with a flower and Om Gam Ganapataye Namah, as every puja begins.

  6. Worship Vishnu

    Bathe a metal idol or the Shaligram with water, then panchamrit, then water again (for a picture, sprinkle water with a flower). Offer sandalwood, yellow flowers, a yellow cloth or mauli, incense, the lamp and tulsi leaves picked the day before, chanting Om Namo Bhagavate Vasudevaya. Many households keep rice out of the Ekadashi puja altogether and offer a flower or a few sesame seeds where akshat would go.

  7. Offer bhog

    Offer what you will eat yourself: fruit, a sweet made without grain, makhana, dry fruit or panchamrit, with a tulsi leaf on each offering. Nothing cooked from grain or pulses is offered or eaten on Ekadashi.

  8. Welcome a guest

    Pavitra fed every guest who came to her door, even when it left her hungry. If anyone comes to the house today, offer water and fruit before anything else.

  9. Katha and aarti

    Read or listen to the Parama Ekadashi vrat katha below, and the Vishnu Sahasranama or a chapter of the Gita if you can. Then sing Om Jai Jagdish Hare with a ghee lamp or camphor, and ask pardon for any mistake made in the puja.

  10. Through the day

    Keep the fast as you resolved it, keep Vishnu's name in mind and avoid sleeping in the day, anger, gossip and harsh words. Give water, fruit or food to someone who needs it; charity is part of every Ekadashi.

  11. Lamps at dusk

    At sunset light a ghee lamp before Vishnu and another beside the tulsi plant, without plucking its leaves, and sing the aarti again.

  12. The night vigil

    Stay awake for as much of the night as you can, in kirtan, japa or reading; the middle of the night is the heart of the jagran. Those who cannot keep the whole night keep a part of it.

  13. Dwadashi: food, cloth and a lamp, then parana

    Next morning bathe, worship Vishnu briefly and give, as the katha's couple gave for the rest of their lives: food, a cloth and a lamp to a brahmin or someone in need. Then break the fast inside the parana window, a tulsi leaf with water or a fruit first, with the parana verse, and a simple sattvic meal after it. Those keeping the Panchratri carry their vow on to Amavasya.

Samagri · what to keep ready

Parama Ekadashi puja samagri list

  • An image of Vishnu or Krishna A framed picture is enough; a metal idol, a Shaligram or Laddu Gopal is bathed in the puja.
  • A chowki and a yellow cloth Yellow is Vishnu's colour; a clean red cloth also does.
  • Tulsi leaves Picked on Dashami, because tulsi is not plucked on Ekadashi; one goes on every offering.
  • A ghee lamp and cotton wicks One for the altar and one for the tulsi at dusk; sesame oil is the usual alternative.
  • Yellow flowers and a garland Marigold, champa or any fresh yellow flowers; a lotus if you can find one.
  • Chandan (sandalwood paste) For the deity's tilak; haldi paste is the alternative.
  • Roli and haldi For the tilak and for marking the kalash.
  • Panchamrit Milk, curd, ghee, honey and sugar, for the bath of the idol and as prasad.
  • Ganga jal A few drops in the bath water and to purify the altar; clean water if you have none.
  • A kalash or lota of water For the bath, achaman and the sankalp.
  • Incense and dhoop Whatever you use every day.
  • Camphor, an aarti plate and a bell For the aarti; a conch if the house has one.
  • Mauli (kalava) Offered as the deity's cloth or tied on the wrist.
  • A yellow cloth for the deity Optional; mauli takes its place.
  • Fruits of the season Banana, apple, guava, pomegranate or whatever is fresh, offered and then eaten as phalahar.
  • Grain-free sweets Makhana kheer, mishri, peda or dry fruit; nothing made with flour or rice.
  • A few sesame seeds Offered where akshat would go by the many households that keep rice out of the Ekadashi puja.
  • A tulsi mala For 108 repetitions of the mantra.
  • The vrat katha, Vishnu Sahasranama or Gita A book or a phone; reading the katha is part of the vrat.
  • Daan for Dwadashi Grain, fruit, clothes or dakshina, given before parana.
  • A cloth and a lamp for daan With food, the customary Dwadashi gifts of Parama, after its katha.
  • Fruit kept for a guest For anyone who comes to the door, as Pavitra fed her guests.

Mantras · in Devanagari, with meaning

Parama Ekadashi mantras and aarti

Shantakaram: the Vishnu dhyana verse

शान्ताकारं भुजगशयनं पद्मनाभं सुरेशं विश्वाधारं गगनसदृशं मेघवर्णं शुभाङ्गम् ।
लक्ष्मीकान्तं कमलनयनं योगिभिर्ध्यानगम्यं वन्दे विष्णुं भवभयहरं सर्वलोकैकनाथम् ॥

Shantakaram bhujagashayanam padmanabham suresham vishvadharam gaganasadrisham meghavarnam shubhangam
Lakshmikantam kamalanayanam yogibhir dhyanagamyam vande Vishnum bhavabhayaharam sarvalokaikanatham

Meaning: I bow to Vishnu: peaceful in form, resting on the serpent, the lotus at his navel, lord of the gods, support of the universe, vast as the sky, dark as a rain cloud, of auspicious form, beloved of Lakshmi, lotus-eyed, reached by yogis in meditation, who removes the fear of worldly existence, the one lord of all the worlds.

When and how: Once, with folded hands, before the worship begins, picturing Vishnu as the verse describes him.

The Ekadashi sankalpa verse

एकादश्यां निराहारः स्थित्वाहमपरेऽहनि ।
भोक्ष्यामि पुण्डरीकाक्ष शरणं मे भवाच्युत ॥

Ekadashyam niraharah sthitvaham apare'hani
Bhokshyami pundarikaksha sharanam me bhavachyuta

Meaning: O lotus-eyed Lord, I shall stay without food on Ekadashi and eat on the day after. O Achyuta, be my refuge.

When and how: Once in the morning, with water in the right hand, while taking the sankalp of the fast.

Om Namo Bhagavate Vasudevaya (the twelve-syllable mantra)

ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय

Om Namo Bhagavate Vasudevaya

Meaning: Om, salutation to the Lord Vasudeva, Vishnu as the one who dwells in all beings. It is the mantra Narada taught the boy Dhruva in the Bhagavata Purana.

When and how: The main japa of Ekadashi: 108 times on a tulsi mala during the puja, and as often as you like through the day and the night vigil.

Bhagavad Gita, chapter 9, verse 22

अनन्याश्चिन्तयन्तो मां ये जनाः पर्युपासते ।
तेषां नित्याभियुक्तानां योगक्षेमं वहाम्यहम् ॥

Ananyash chintayanto mam ye janah paryupasate
Tesham nityabhiyuktanam yogakshemam vahamyaham

Meaning: Those who worship me with undivided minds, ever united with me: for them I bring what they lack and keep what they have.

When and how: Read after the katha, whose couple lived by this verse's trust.

The parana verse

अज्ञानतिमिरान्धस्य व्रतेनानेन केशव ।
प्रसीद सुमुखो नाथ ज्ञानदृष्टिप्रदो भव ॥

Ajnana-timirandhasya vratenanena Keshava
Prasida sumukho natha jnana-drishti-prado bhava

Meaning: O Keshava, by this vow be pleased with one who is blinded by the darkness of ignorance. Be gracious, Lord, and grant the sight of knowledge.

When and how: Once on Dwadashi, inside the parana window, before the first sip of water or bite of fruit.

Aarti Vishnu Aarti: Om Jai Jagdish Hare the full text

ॐ जय जगदीश हरे, स्वामी जय जगदीश हरे।
भक्त जनों के संकट, दास जनों के संकट, क्षण में दूर करे॥
ॐ जय जगदीश हरे॥

जो ध्यावे फल पावे, दुःख बिनसे मन का, स्वामी दुःख बिनसे मन का।
सुख सम्पति घर आवे, सुख सम्पति घर आवे, कष्ट मिटे तन का॥
ॐ जय जगदीश हरे॥

मात पिता तुम मेरे, शरण गहूं किसकी, स्वामी शरण गहूं मैं किसकी।
तुम बिन और न दूजा, तुम बिन और न दूजा, आस करूं मैं जिसकी॥
ॐ जय जगदीश हरे॥

तुम पूरण परमात्मा, तुम अन्तर्यामी, स्वामी तुम अन्तर्यामी।
पारब्रह्म परमेश्वर, पारब्रह्म परमेश्वर, तुम सब के स्वामी॥
ॐ जय जगदीश हरे॥

तुम करुणा के सागर, तुम पालनकर्ता, स्वामी तुम पालनकर्ता।
मैं मूरख फलकामी, मैं सेवक तुम स्वामी, कृपा करो भर्ता॥
ॐ जय जगदीश हरे॥

तुम हो एक अगोचर, सबके प्राणपति, स्वामी सबके प्राणपति।
किस विधि मिलूं दयामय, किस विधि मिलूं दयामय, तुमको मैं कुमति॥
ॐ जय जगदीश हरे॥

दीन-बन्धु दुःख-हर्ता, ठाकुर तुम मेरे, स्वामी रक्षक तुम मेरे।
अपने हाथ उठाओ, अपने शरण लगाओ, द्वार पड़ा तेरे॥
ॐ जय जगदीश हरे॥

विषय-विकार मिटाओ, पाप हरो देवा, स्वामी पाप हरो देवा।
श्रद्धा भक्ति बढ़ाओ, श्रद्धा भक्ति बढ़ाओ, सन्तन की सेवा॥

ॐ जय जगदीश हरे, स्वामी जय जगदीश हरे।
भक्त जनों के संकट, दास जनों के संकट, क्षण में दूर करे॥

Om jai Jagdish hare, swami jai Jagdish hare.
Bhakt janon ke sankat, das janon ke sankat, kshan mein door kare.
Om jai Jagdish hare.

Jo dhyave phal pave, dukh binse man ka, swami dukh binse man ka.
Sukh sampati ghar aave, sukh sampati ghar aave, kasht mite tan ka.
Om jai Jagdish hare.

Maat pita tum mere, sharan gahoon kiski, swami sharan gahoon main kiski.
Tum bin aur na dooja, tum bin aur na dooja, aas karoon main jiski.
Om jai Jagdish hare.

Tum pooran Parmatma, tum antaryami, swami tum antaryami.
Parabrahm Parmeshwar, Parabrahm Parmeshwar, tum sab ke swami.
Om jai Jagdish hare.

Tum karuna ke sagar, tum palankarta, swami tum palankarta.
Main moorakh phalkami, main sevak tum swami, kripa karo bharta.
Om jai Jagdish hare.

Tum ho ek agochar, sabke pranpati, swami sabke pranpati.
Kis vidhi miloon dayamay, kis vidhi miloon dayamay, tumko main kumati.
Om jai Jagdish hare.

Deen-bandhu dukh-harta, thakur tum mere, swami rakshak tum mere.
Apne haath uthao, apne sharan lagao, dwar pada tere.
Om jai Jagdish hare.

Vishay-vikar mitao, paap haro deva, swami paap haro deva.
Shraddha bhakti badhao, shraddha bhakti badhao, santan ki seva.

Om jai Jagdish hare, swami jai Jagdish hare.
Bhakt janon ke sankat, das janon ke sankat, kshan mein door kare.

Text as it is commonly sung. The Gita Press Aarti Sangrah prints 'prabhu' for 'swami', 'chhin mein' for 'kshan mein' and 'khal kami' for 'phalkami'; it does not repeat the half-lines, has no 'das janon ke sankat', 'main sevak tum swami' or 'apne sharan lagao', and reads 'tum thakur mere' for 'thakur tum mere, swami rakshak tum mere'. Printed text

Significance

Why Parama Ekadashi is kept

Its katha is about hospitality in poverty. Pavitra fed every guest who came to her door from a house that often had nothing, and talked her husband out of leaving home to chase a living; it was to that door that the sage Kaundinya came with this fast. So the day is kept by feeding someone before one's own parana, by giving even when there is little to give, and by a lamp before Vishnu each evening as the moon wanes.

For those who can, the vow runs on for five nights, to the new moon that closes the doubled month, under whatever rule the family or guru keeps. The katha ends with a prince bringing the couple a house and land, and with the two of them giving freely all their lives; tradition keeps the day for devotion and charity, not as a route to money. Krishna's word in the katha is that nothing in that month surpasses this fast.

Upay · traditional practice

Parama Ekadashi upay: traditional remedies

Feed the guest first

Pavitra fed every guest from a house that often had nothing, and went hungry herself. Feed someone before your own parana: a guest, a neighbour in need or a hungry stranger.

Food, cloth and a lamp

The customary gifts of Parama, given on Dwadashi before the fast is broken. Give what you can; the katha honours the giving, not its size.

The Panchratri, if you can

Kaundinya taught a five-day vrat from Parama to Amavasya. If the full fast is beyond you, keep its spirit in a lighter form, with japa and a lamp before Vishnu each evening to Amavasya, as your family's practice allows.

Stay, and keep faith

The katha turns when Sumedha, ready to leave home in search of a living, listens to Pavitra and stays. It is a katha for a hard season, read for steadiness; tradition offers it as faith, not as a promise of money.

Give once the need passes

Once provided for, the couple gave freely for the rest of their lives. If you are praying through a hard time, resolve now to give a share to others when it eases.

A lamp in the waning fortnight

Parama falls as the moon wanes toward the Amavasya that ends the adhika month. Light a ghee lamp before Vishnu and beside the tulsi at dusk, and give one in daan on Dwadashi.

The custom, in short

Parama Ekadashi do's and don'ts

Do

  • Eat one light sattvic meal on Dashami, before sunset.
  • Take the sankalp in the morning and keep the fast in the form you chose.
  • Put a tulsi leaf, picked the day before, on every offering.
  • Chant Om Namo Bhagavate Vasudevaya and read or hear the katha.
  • Light a lamp before Vishnu and beside the tulsi at dusk.
  • Keep at least part of the night awake in kirtan or japa.
  • Give food or water to someone in need, and give daan on Dwadashi before parana.
  • Break the fast inside the parana window on Dwadashi.
  • Give food, cloth and a lamp on Dwadashi, as the custom of this Ekadashi is.
  • Receive anyone who comes to the door with water and fruit, as Pavitra did.

Don't

  • Do not eat rice, wheat, dal or any other grain or pulse on Ekadashi.
  • Do not pluck tulsi leaves on Ekadashi.
  • Do not eat onion, garlic, meat or eggs, or drink alcohol, from Dashami to Dwadashi.
  • Do not sleep during the day.
  • Do not quarrel, lie or speak harshly.
  • Do not break the fast during Hari Vasara, or let Dwadashi pass without parana.
  • Do not press the sick, the elderly, pregnant or nursing women or children into a strict fast; anyone with diabetes or another condition, or on regular medicine, should ask a doctor before fasting.
  • Do not turn away a guest or a hungry person on this day.
  • Keep weddings, griha pravesh and mundan out of the adhika month, as custom asks; it is a month for worship, not new beginnings.

Across India

Parama Ekadashi bhog and food

  • Fruit and milk The simplest phalahar: seasonal fruit, milk, curd or buttermilk through the day.
  • Sabudana khichdi Sago with potato and rock salt, often with peanuts; a staple fasting meal in many homes.
  • Kuttu or singhara puri Buckwheat or water-chestnut flour with potato sabzi, in families whose custom allows these flours.
  • Samak, the vrat rice Barnyard millet cooked like rice in North India; some traditions count millets as grain and leave it out.
  • Potato, sweet potato and arbi Boiled, or lightly fried in ghee with rock salt, cumin and green chilli.
  • Makhana Roasted, or as kheer, for the bhog and the fast.
  • Sendha namak (rock salt) Used instead of common salt by most who fast; some keep the day without salt altogether.
  • The parana meal On Dwadashi, a tulsi leaf with water or a fruit first, then a simple home-cooked meal; grain returns with the parana.

Parama Ekadashi across five years

Two years back, this year, and two ahead. Past years are kept rather than dropped so you can check the engine against a calendar you already have.

Parama Ekadashi across five years
YearDateStatus
2020Tuesday, 13 October 2020past
2023Saturday, 12 August 2023past
2026This yearThursday, 11 June 2026past
2029Monday, 9 April 2029upcoming
2031Friday, 12 September 2031upcoming
2034Wednesday, 12 July 2034upcoming

Every row is computed for New Delhi from the same ephemeris, not looked up. Sunrise decides which day a tithi names, and sunrise differs across India by more than an hour, so a date computed for Delhi can be a day out elsewhere.

Why calendars disagree about this date

There is no single authority that settles a Hindu festival date, and the divergence is genuine rather than sloppy. Three causes account for almost all of it.

  1. A tithi rarely starts at sunrise. One that is running at the deciding moment on two days — or on none — is claimed by both days under different rules.
  2. Month reckoning. North India runs purnimanta, the south and west amanta. The same dark fortnight carries different month names in the two, so an observance defined as "krishna X of month Y" can land a full lunation apart.
  3. Which moment decides. Most vratas belong to the day whose sunrise carries the tithi, but not all: this one is decided at sunrise. Almanacs that apply the sunrise rule to everything move several festivals by a day.

So this page shows its working. If your pandit or your family almanac gives a different day, the instants above will usually show you exactly why — and that is more useful than a date asserted without one.

Common questions

When is Parama Ekadashi?

Parama Ekadashi falls on Monday, 9 April 2029 in New Delhi; Ekadashi tithi runs 3:46 PM (8 Apr) to 5:39 PM. It is the dark-half Ekadashi of the adhika month, about two weeks after Padmini, so it shares that month's season, which changes from one adhika year to the next.

Why does another calendar give a different Parama Ekadashi date?

Three honest reasons. The tithi can be running at the deciding moment on two days or on none. North India reckons the month purnimanta and the south and west amanta, which names the same krishna fortnight differently. And almanacs differ on which moment of the day decides an observance. The instants above are the astronomy; the day is an interpretation of them.

Why is Parama Ekadashi observed?

Parama Ekadashi is the Krishna Ekadashi of an adhika month, the Purushottam maas that comes roughly one year in three, and the companion of Padmini, the Ekadashi a fortnight before it. Parama means "supreme". Some keep it as a five-day vrat, the Panchratri, from this Ekadashi to Amavasya; others keep the single day. Gifts of food, cloth and a lamp are customary, in keeping with its katha.

Where does the Parama Ekadashi vrat katha come from?

It is told in the Skanda Purana, in the Ekadashi-mahatmya told by Krishna to Yudhishthira. The katha is retold in full above.

Is Parama Ekadashi on a different day for Smarta and Vaishnava (ISKCON)?

Not this year — both keep Monday, 9 April 2029. The Vaishnava rule reads Ekadashi at arunodaya, and Ekadashi already holds that day's arunodaya.

Why is there no Parama Ekadashi in most years?

It belongs to the adhika month, which the lunar calendar inserts only when a lunar month passes without the Sun entering a new sign, every two or three years. In any other year there is simply no Parama to keep; the years that have one are listed in the table on this page.

What is the Parama Ekadashi parana time?

For the one-day fast, parana is on Dwadashi, 10 Apr, 6:00 AM to 8:33 AM in New Delhi, once Hari Vasara has ended (10 Apr, 12:13 AM). Those keeping the five-day Panchratri carry their vow on to Amavasya and close it as their family's or guru's rule directs.

What is the Parama Ekadashi vrat katha?

In Kampilya lived the brahmin Sumedha and his wife Pavitra, devout and very poor; she fed every guest even when it left her hungry. When Sumedha resolved to go abroad to earn, she persuaded him to stay. Soon the sage Kaundinya came to their door and, moved by their goodness, taught them Parama Ekadashi and its five-day vrat, which Kubera had kept. After they kept it, a prince of the kingdom brought them gifts, a house and land, and they never lacked again. The full katha is above.

What is the Panchratri vrat of Parama Ekadashi?

A five-night vow from Parama Ekadashi to the Amavasya that ends the adhika month, taught in the katha by the sage Kaundinya. How strictly the five days are kept varies by family and guru; others keep only the Ekadashi itself, with parana on Dwadashi.

What does Parama mean?

Parama means supreme, the highest. Krishna tells Yudhishthira that the day carries the name because nothing in the adhika month surpasses it.

Which Ekadashis fall in adhik maas?

Two: Padmini, also called Kamala, in the bright half, and Parama in the dark half, about a fortnight apart; some calendars give the name Kamala to both. They replace none of the regular Ekadashis, so a lunar year with an adhika month has twenty-six Ekadashis instead of twenty-four.

What is the significance of Parama Ekadashi?

It is called the supreme Ekadashi of the month given to Vishnu as Purushottama, and its katha joins the fast to hospitality and giving: Pavitra fed guests from an empty house, and the couple gave freely once they had enough. The katha ends in plenty, but tradition keeps the day for devotion and charity, not as a bargain for wealth.

Does keeping Parama Ekadashi bring wealth?

Its katha ends with a poor couple provided for, and the Purana praises its merit highly. But the tradition tells this as the fruit of faith and generosity, and the fast is not a remedy for debt or a financial plan. Keep it as devotion, and give from what you have, as Pavitra did.

What is given in daan on Parama Ekadashi?

Food, a cloth and a lamp are the customary gifts, given on Dwadashi before parana to a brahmin or someone in need. They echo the katha: Pavitra fed every guest, and the couple, once provided for, gave all their lives.

Which mantra is chanted on Parama Ekadashi?

Om Namo Bhagavate Vasudevaya, 108 times on a tulsi mala, and the Gita's verse in which Krishna says he carries the needs of those devoted to him (chapter nine, verse twenty-two), which the katha tells as a story. Both are in the mantra section with the sankalpa and parana verses.

How is Parama Ekadashi different from Padmini Ekadashi?

They share the adhika month and its rarity. Padmini, in the bright half, is a queen's fast kept with the night awake, after which Vishnu granted her husband a son; Parama, in the dark half, is a poor couple's fast, with a five-day option and gifts of food, cloth and a lamp.